Flluminating basements



(No Model.) 4 Shpets-Sheet 1.

P. H. JACKSON. ILLUMINATING 1?ASB11ZIE1I1S.-

No. 314,026. Patented Mar.' 17, 1885.

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(No Model.) 4' Sheets-Sheet 2.

P.H.JAGKS0N. ,ILLUMINATNG BASEMBNTS.

No. 314,026. Patented Mar. 17, 1885.

(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 3. P. H. JACKSON.

l ILLUMINATING BASBMENTS.

No. 314,026. Patented Mdr. 17, 1885.

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(No Model.) 4 sheetssheet 4.

P. H. JACKSON.

ILLUMINATING BASBMENTS. No. 314,026. Patented Mar. 17, 1885.

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PETER H. JACKSON, OF SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA.

ILLUN'IINATING BASEMENTS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 314,026, dated March17, 1885.

Application tiled July 21, 1884. (No model.)

To @ZZ whom, it may concern,.-

Beit known that I, PETER H. JACKSON, of the city and county of SanFrancisco, and State of California, have invented an Improvement inIlluminating Basements; andI hereby declare the following to be a full,clear, and ex? act description thereof.

My invention relates to certain improvements in the illumination ofbasements of buildings by means of glazed tiles.

It consists of tiles made in patterns of such a description that ltheycan be kept in any quantity and in stock and ready for use upon anybuilding without regard to the regularities of outline in the contour ofthe buildingfront, and in connection with these of similar plates, whichmay be either plain or glazed, which will be fitted to the outlineorcontour of the building where the tiles are to be used. Together withthis I employ certain means for supporting the different parts, joiningthem to each other, and forming j oints between them which will notleak, all of which will be more fully explained by reference to theaccompanying drawings, in which l Figure 1 is a plan view showing theirregular outline of the building-front and the manner of applyingtiles. Figs. 2 to 1l, inclusive, arevertical sections taken through atile, showing the bottom of the column, the riser, and means forsupporting the outer and inner ends of the tiles and the bearers.

It is usual where a new building is to be con then iitted to theirregularities ot' the contour of the front of the building, and arethen glazed and placed in position.

My inyention contemplates the constructionv of tiles of a certainlength, Iliade preferably of rectangular form, so that they can be laidin front of the building without regard to the contour, and with theseof supplemental irregular plates orv tiles, one edge of which will betted against those already described, while the other may be fitted tothe contour of the building.

It also consists in a means for supporting these sections and connectingthem so as to make water-tight joints.

A is a building, the front having columns B B, riser C, and sills, inthe usual manner.

rIhe tiles D are made of any suitable or desired form, but preferablyrectangular in shape, and made to fit the outer edge of the contourtiles or plates, and of an equal size, with means for securing them inplace` so that in whatever building they may be employed they can belaid without reference to the particular contour of the building. havetheir inner edges supported within a cer- These tiles tain distance ofthe building, and the space y between is then filled in with tiles orplates E, which are formed to iit the irregularities ot' the front. Bythis construction I am en- 'abled to carry any desired quantity of tilesin stock ready to be laid, and the only portion which it is necessary tot to the particular building in consideration will be the sections E,and this can be done at a small expense and in a short time.

In order to secure these tiles and pieces, various means may be used. Inthe figures from 2 to 8 I have shown several methods.

In Fig. 2 the riser has a flange, F, projectf ing outward from itsloweredge, and the inner edge of the separate pieces E may rest upon it,while the outer edges of these pieces have` ward'to the supporting-Rangeand from them outward to the wall, vault-beam, or girder, forming an endsupport or iiange,upon which the tile rests. The bearers are constructedwith deep strengthening-ribs, as shown in my patent of August 29, 1883,and these ribs extend the full length of the tile and are recessed l onthe top to receive a cross-bearer, K, extend ing over and resting on thetop of the next bearer and bolted to them, and the meeting edges of thetiles D and E rest upon this crossbearer and are bolted toit, and cementis run in or pressed in between the tiles and all is made water-tight.

Fig. 7 shows the recessed longitudinal bearer I and the meeting edges ofthe tiles D and E, one end of which has a flange cast upon it andreceives the end of the other on the top of the iiange, and is bolted toit in the manner described.

In many cases these tiles must be laid so as to conform to the grade ofthe street, which may have considerable inclination along the front ofthe building. In order to support these tiles upon the proper grade, thebearers are so laid as to conform to this grade, the ends ,where theyrest on the end supports,be ing of such different heights that the tileswill take the proper grade when they are laid upon them. In order tosupport the tiles at points between the bearers, either at the middle,or, if they are wide, at more than onepoint, I employ wedges or blocksJ, of iron or other` unyielding material, which are placed between theends of the tiles and the surface upon which the bearers rest, thuspreventing the tile from bending between the bearers and its endsupports after the bearers, blocks, or wedges are adjusted, so that thesurface is at the right grade. Either fusible cement is run in orplastic cement filled and pressed into the crevice,filling up the entirespace between the end of the tile and its end bearings and surroundingends of the bearers as well as blocks or wedges, so that they are unitedin a solid body, unyielding and water-tight, with very little expense.If these tiles are simply laid upon the bearers with their ends restingon brick-work, as shown in Figs. l0 and l1,with out being secured,theymight be lifted by the use of a bar or other device, as there is nomeans of fastening at the crown of the arch, so that burglars couldobtain easy entrance into basements. In order to prevent this and securethe tiles firmly at their outer ends, I employ channel or other bars ofiron, which extend along the outer edge of the illuminating-tile overthe end supports, usually having a width of about two inches. These ironbars are secured to the beams by bolts or otherwise, and the outer endsof the tiles are then secured to these bars, by which means it will beimpossible to raise or move them from their position. At points betweenthe bearers these channeliron bars may have bolts passing through theblocking bases before described and into .the vault-beams below. Thewhole is then firmly secured, the channel-iron bars being supported atintervals between the bearers and prevented from bending.

I do not claim, broadly, a sectional extension of the area or vaultcover composed of sectional tiles inserted in or supported by a metalframe bolted to it. as described in the Reissue Patent No. 9,883 of T.Hyatt; neither do I claim an extension area or vault cover composed ofsectional illuminating-tiles, each alternate tile having cast at one orboth edges strengthening-ribs projecting laterally to forni a seat forthe next tile to rest on.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is-

l.l rlliles covering areas and made in two sections in the direction oftheir length, said tiles beingj oined together at their meeting edges onthe same plane,withoutintervening risers, the outer sections beingrectangularin shape, and the inner ones having their inner edge made tofit the contour of the building-front, and without surrounding metalframes, together with supporting-flanges F G or beams I-I, as hereindescribed.

2. Tiles covering areas and made in two sections, the outer one of whichis rectangular in form and the inner one fitted toits inner edge, whileits own inner edge is made to iit the contour of the building, saidtiles being made without surrounding metal frames, and havingsupporting-Hanges between the two and extending their entire length,together with bearers having strengthening-ribs and shoulders upon whichthe sections are supported, substantially as described.

3. Tiles covering areas and made in two sections fitted to each otherand the building contour, as shown, having connecting-flanges betweenthe two, together with bearings having deep strengthening-ribs andshoulders extending the entire length of both tiles,so as to rest uponthe end supports, substantially as herein described.

4. Tiles covering areas and resting on strengthening bearers extendinglongitudinally with both tiles, and having end supports, said bearersbeing made of different depths where they rest upon their end supports,so that the tiles may conform -to the grade of the street, substantiallyas herein described.

5. Tiles made in sections covering areas, and resting on bearers whichextend longitudinally with both tiles, and resting on the end supports,in combination with blocks or wedge-pieces on the end supports andbetween the bearers, and a filling of fusible or plastic cement aboutthe blocks or wedges in the ends of the bearers, substantially as hereindescribed.

6. Tiles made in sections covering areas and resting onstrengthening-ribs which extend longitudinally with the tiles, incombination with iron bars extending along the outer edges of the tiles,which are secured to them, said bars being secured to the beam .orgirder, substantially as herein described.

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7. Tiles madein sections and covering areas, ends of the tiles and bars,substantially as as shown, said tiles resting on strengtheninghereindescribed. [o ribs or bearers extending longitudinally with In Wit-nesswhereof I have hereunto set my the tiles and resting upon end supports,in hand.

5 combination with channel-iron or other bars PETER H. JACKSON.

extending beneath the outer edges of the tiles, Witnesses: which arebolted to a. support by them, and u S. H. NOURSE,

fusible'or plastic cement filling at the outer H. C. LEE.

